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⋈ Geometry Nodes

Transform Geometry

지오메트리 변환

A node that translates, rotates, and scales an entire geometry at once. Unlike Set Position, it applies one transform instead of a different position per point.

Also known as: Transform GeometryGeometryNodeTransformTranslation · Rotation · Scale
···
bpy — this entry
# Transform Geometry 가 입력 메시 전체에 같은 이동·회전·스케일을 적용한다.
reset('WORKBENCH')
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=1.4, location=(0, 0, 0.7))
obj = bpy.context.object
source_material = material('Original cube', CLAY)
result_material = material('Transformed cube', LIME)
paint(obj, source_material)
group = bpy.data.node_groups.new('Transform whole geometry', 'GeometryNodeTree')
group.interface.new_socket(name='Geometry', in_out='INPUT', socket_type='NodeSocketGeometry')
group.interface.new_socket(name='Geometry', in_out='OUTPUT', socket_type='NodeSocketGeometry')
nodes, links = group.nodes, group.links
source, output = nodes.new('NodeGroupInput'), nodes.new('NodeGroupOutput')
transform = nodes.new('GeometryNodeTransform')
transform.inputs['Translation'].default_value = (0.7, 0, 0.15)
transform.inputs['Rotation'].default_value = (0, 0, 0.65)
transform.inputs['Scale'].default_value = (1.55, 0.65, 1)
links.new(source.outputs['Geometry'], transform.inputs['Geometry'])
links.new(transform.outputs['Geometry'], output.inputs['Geometry'])
mod = obj.modifiers.new('Geometry Nodes', 'NODES')
mod.node_group = group
floor()
camera(location=(6, -8, 5), target=(0.4, 0, 0.7))
frame(obj, margin=1.4)
mod.show_render = False
paint(obj, source_material)
shoot('original')
mod.show_render = True
paint(obj, result_material)
shoot('transformed')
Full script — runs as-is in Blender 5.1.1
# transform-geometry — Blender 5.1.1 에서 그대로 돌아가는 스크립트
# 실행: blender -b --factory-startup --python transform-geometry.py -- <출력 폴더>
SLUG = 'transform-geometry'

# ── 무대: 모든 항목이 같이 쓰는 준비 코드 (renders/_stage.py) ──────────────────
# 빈 장면 → 렌더 엔진·크기 → 카메라·바닥·조명·재질 도우미 → shoot() 으로 WebP 저장.
import bpy, math, os, sys
from mathutils import Vector

# 출력 폴더: blender -b --factory-startup --python 이파일.py -- <출력 폴더>
OUT = sys.argv[sys.argv.index('--') + 1] if '--' in sys.argv[:-1] else os.getcwd()
os.makedirs(OUT, exist_ok=True)

# 색은 화면에서 고르는 sRGB 0~1 값으로 적는다. 블렌더 내부는 선형(linear)이라 srgb() 로 바꿔 넣는다.
BACKDROP = (0.24, 0.25, 0.27)
CLAY = (0.80, 0.77, 0.72)
LIME = (0.64, 0.90, 0.21)
SKY = (0.22, 0.65, 0.95)
CORAL = (0.96, 0.42, 0.45)
INK = (0.08, 0.09, 0.10)
ENGINES = {'WORKBENCH': 'BLENDER_WORKBENCH', 'EEVEE': 'BLENDER_EEVEE', 'CYCLES': 'CYCLES'}


def srgb(c, alpha=1.0):
    lin = lambda v: v / 12.92 if v <= 0.04045 else ((v + 0.055) / 1.055) ** 2.4
    return (lin(c[0]), lin(c[1]), lin(c[2]), alpha)


def reset(engine='WORKBENCH', samples=16, size=(960, 600)):
    """빈 장면에서 시작한다. engine: WORKBENCH(모양 확인) · EEVEE(실시간) · CYCLES(경로 추적)."""
    bpy.ops.wm.read_factory_settings(use_empty=True)
    sc = bpy.context.scene
    sc.render.engine = ENGINES[engine]
    sc.render.resolution_x, sc.render.resolution_y = size
    sc.render.resolution_percentage = 100
    sc.render.image_settings.file_format = 'WEBP'
    sc.render.image_settings.quality = 82
    sc.world = bpy.data.worlds.new('World')
    world_color(BACKDROP)
    if engine == 'WORKBENCH':
        sh = sc.display.shading
        sh.light, sh.color_type = 'STUDIO', 'MATERIAL'
        sh.show_shadows, sh.shadow_intensity = True, 0.35
        sh.show_cavity = True
        sc.display.render_aa = '16'
        sc.view_settings.view_transform = 'Standard'  # 재질 색을 그대로 보여 준다
    elif engine == 'EEVEE':
        sc.eevee.taa_render_samples = samples
    else:
        sc.cycles.samples = samples
        sc.cycles.use_denoising = True
    return sc


def world_color(color, strength=1.0):
    """배경색. Workbench 는 world.color, EEVEE·Cycles 는 Background 노드를 쓴다."""
    w = bpy.context.scene.world
    w.color = srgb(color)[:3]
    bg = w.node_tree.nodes.get('Background') if w.node_tree else None
    if bg:
        bg.inputs['Color'].default_value = srgb(color)
        bg.inputs['Strength'].default_value = strength
    return w


def hdri(name='studio', strength=1.0, show=False):
    """블렌더에 들어 있는 HDRI 로 장면을 비춘다(CC0 · Poly Haven). name: studio · city · courtyard · forest · interior · night · sunrise · sunset.
    show=False 면 빛과 반사에만 쓰고, 카메라에는 BACKDROP 색 배경이 보인다(Light Path 의 Is Camera Ray 로 가른다)."""
    nt = bpy.context.scene.world.node_tree
    nodes, links = nt.nodes, nt.links
    env = nodes.new('ShaderNodeTexEnvironment')
    env.image = bpy.data.images.load(os.path.join(bpy.utils.system_resource('DATAFILES'), 'studiolights', 'world', f'{name}.exr'))
    bg = nodes['Background']
    bg.inputs['Strength'].default_value = strength
    links.new(env.outputs['Color'], bg.inputs['Color'])
    if not show:
        flat = nodes.new('ShaderNodeBackground')
        flat.inputs['Color'].default_value = srgb(BACKDROP)
        ray, mix = nodes.new('ShaderNodeLightPath'), nodes.new('ShaderNodeMixShader')
        links.new(ray.outputs['Is Camera Ray'], mix.inputs['Fac'])
        links.new(bg.outputs['Background'], mix.inputs[1])
        links.new(flat.outputs['Background'], mix.inputs[2])
        links.new(mix.outputs['Shader'], nodes['World Output'].inputs['Surface'])
    return env


def look_at(obj, target):
    obj.rotation_euler = (Vector(target) - obj.location).to_track_quat('-Z', 'Y').to_euler()


def camera(location=(7, -7, 5), target=(0, 0, 0.5), lens=50):
    cam = bpy.data.objects.new('Camera', bpy.data.cameras.new('Camera'))
    bpy.context.scene.collection.objects.link(cam)
    cam.location = location
    look_at(cam, target)
    cam.data.lens = lens
    bpy.context.scene.camera = cam
    return cam


def frame(*objs, margin=1.15):
    """카메라 방향은 그대로 두고, objs 가 화면에 다 들어오게 카메라를 앞뒤로 옮긴다."""
    sc = bpy.context.scene
    dg = bpy.context.evaluated_depsgraph_get()
    pts = [o.matrix_world @ Vector(c) for o in objs for c in o.evaluated_get(dg).bound_box]
    mid = sum(pts, Vector()) / len(pts)
    coords = [c for p in pts for c in (mid + (p - mid) * margin)]
    loc, _scale = sc.camera.camera_fit_coords(dg, coords)
    sc.camera.location = loc
    return sc.camera


def light(kind='AREA', location=(4, -4, 6), target=(0, 0, 0), energy=600, size=3.0, color=(1, 1, 1)):
    """kind: POINT · SUN · SPOT · AREA. energy 는 와트(SUN 은 W/m²에 해당하는 세기)."""
    data = bpy.data.lights.new(kind.title(), kind)
    data.energy, data.color = energy, color
    if kind == 'AREA':
        data.size = size
    obj = bpy.data.objects.new(data.name, data)
    bpy.context.scene.collection.objects.link(obj)
    obj.location = location
    look_at(obj, target)
    return obj


def studio(key=700, fill=200, rim=450):
    """기본 3점 조명(키·필·림). EEVEE·Cycles 용 — Workbench 는 자체 스튜디오 조명을 쓴다."""
    return [light('AREA', (5, -4, 6), energy=key, size=4),
            light('AREA', (-6, -3, 3), energy=fill, size=5),
            light('AREA', (0, 6, 5), energy=rim, size=3)]


def material(name, color=CLAY, roughness=0.5, metallic=0.0, **inputs):
    """원리 BSDF 재질. inputs 는 소켓 이름(공백은 _ 로): Emission_Strength=3."""
    mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name)
    mat.diffuse_color = srgb(color)  # Workbench 가 보는 색
    bsdf = mat.node_tree.nodes['Principled BSDF']
    bsdf.inputs['Base Color'].default_value = srgb(color)
    bsdf.inputs['Roughness'].default_value = roughness
    bsdf.inputs['Metallic'].default_value = metallic
    for key, value in inputs.items():
        bsdf.inputs[key.replace('_', ' ')].default_value = value
    return mat


def paint(obj, mat):
    obj.data.materials.clear()
    obj.data.materials.append(mat)
    return obj


def floor(size=80.0, color=None, z=0.0, wall=30.0, curve=6.0):
    """바닥과 뒷벽(+Y 쪽)이 둥글게 이어진 스튜디오 배경 — 지평선이 보이지 않는다. 카메라는 -Y 쪽에서 +Y 를 보게 둔다."""
    import bmesh
    back = size / 2
    steps = 12
    profile = [(-back, 0.0)]  # (y, z) 단면: 앞 → 둥근 모서리 → 벽 위
    for i in range(steps + 1):
        a = (math.pi / 2) * i / steps
        profile.append((back - curve + curve * math.sin(a), curve - curve * math.cos(a)))
    profile.append((back, wall))
    bm = bmesh.new()
    left = [bm.verts.new((-back, y, z + h)) for y, h in profile]
    right = [bm.verts.new((back, y, z + h)) for y, h in profile]
    for i in range(len(profile) - 1):
        bm.faces.new((left[i], right[i], right[i + 1], left[i + 1]))
    me = bpy.data.meshes.new('Floor')
    bm.to_mesh(me)
    bm.free()
    obj = bpy.data.objects.new('Floor', me)
    bpy.context.scene.collection.objects.link(obj)
    for poly in me.polygons:
        poly.use_smooth = True
    return paint(obj, material('Floor', color or BACKDROP, roughness=0.9))


def edges(obj, thickness=0.012, color=INK):
    """메시의 선(엣지)을 렌더에 보이게 한다 — 모디파이어까지 적용된 모양에 와이어프레임을 씌운 복제본."""
    dg = bpy.context.evaluated_depsgraph_get()
    wire = bpy.data.objects.new(obj.name + '.edges', bpy.data.meshes.new_from_object(obj.evaluated_get(dg)))
    bpy.context.scene.collection.objects.link(wire)
    wire.matrix_world = obj.matrix_world.copy()
    mod = wire.modifiers.new('Wireframe', 'WIREFRAME')
    mod.thickness, mod.use_even_offset = thickness, True
    return paint(wire, material(obj.name + '.edges', color, roughness=0.8))


def shoot(name):
    """지금 장면을 <출력 폴더>/<항목>-<name>.webp 로 렌더한다."""
    sc = bpy.context.scene
    sc.render.filepath = os.path.join(OUT, f'{SLUG}-{name}.webp')
    bpy.ops.render.render(write_still=True)
    return sc.render.filepath


# ── 이 항목 ──
# Transform Geometry 가 입력 메시 전체에 같은 이동·회전·스케일을 적용한다.
reset('WORKBENCH')
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=1.4, location=(0, 0, 0.7))
obj = bpy.context.object
source_material = material('Original cube', CLAY)
result_material = material('Transformed cube', LIME)
paint(obj, source_material)
group = bpy.data.node_groups.new('Transform whole geometry', 'GeometryNodeTree')
group.interface.new_socket(name='Geometry', in_out='INPUT', socket_type='NodeSocketGeometry')
group.interface.new_socket(name='Geometry', in_out='OUTPUT', socket_type='NodeSocketGeometry')
nodes, links = group.nodes, group.links
source, output = nodes.new('NodeGroupInput'), nodes.new('NodeGroupOutput')
transform = nodes.new('GeometryNodeTransform')
transform.inputs['Translation'].default_value = (0.7, 0, 0.15)
transform.inputs['Rotation'].default_value = (0, 0, 0.65)
transform.inputs['Scale'].default_value = (1.55, 0.65, 1)
links.new(source.outputs['Geometry'], transform.inputs['Geometry'])
links.new(transform.outputs['Geometry'], output.inputs['Geometry'])
mod = obj.modifiers.new('Geometry Nodes', 'NODES')
mod.node_group = group
floor()
camera(location=(6, -8, 5), target=(0.4, 0, 0.7))
frame(obj, margin=1.4)
mod.show_render = False
paint(obj, source_material)
shoot('original')
mod.show_render = True
paint(obj, result_material)
shoot('transformed')
···

Set Position위치 설정

A node that changes positions on selected geometry. Use Offset to add to current positions, or Position to set coordinates directly.

···

Join Geometry지오메트리 결합

A node that gathers several geometry inputs into one output. It combines mesh pieces into one result but does not weld touching vertices.

···

Extrude Mesh Node메시 돌출 노드

A node that extends new geometry from selected mesh points, edges, or faces. In Face mode, it pushes boundary faces outward to form columns or protrusions.

···

Named Attribute이름 지정 속성

A node that reads named data stored on geometry and exposes it as a field. Paired with Store Named Attribute, the same value can be reused downstream.

Transform Geometry is a handle that lifts and turns a whole piece at once. In the Geometry Node Editor, press Shift+A ▸ Geometry ▸ Operations ▸ Transform Geometry.

Set vectors on the Translation, Rotation, and Scale inputs of nodes.new('GeometryNodeTransform'). This example offsets the input cube, rotates it around Z, and changes its width. The operation remains an editable node graph, so create it with bpy.data.node_groups and connect it with links.new(...).

The node applies one transform to the whole geometry; it does not push individual mesh points independently. Use Set Position for point- or field-based deformation, or instance transform nodes to move instances individually. The render compares the original cube and the transformed result from the same camera.

When to use

Use it to place or resize a whole piece of geometry inside a node graph, independently of the source object transform.

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